Following the end of colonial rule in 1980, Zimbabwe experienced a significant decline into poverty. A long rule by Mugabe of over 30 years brought increasing corruption and instability and has been followed by a period of political turmoil.

After gaining independence, Zimbabwe redistributed large colonial-era farms to its people. However, many new farm owners didn't have the skills or resources needed to farm successfully. Frequent droughts have made the situation worse, leading to severe food shortages that impact a large part of the population. Today, 38.3% of Zimbabweans live below the poverty line, and food insecurity is a major problem.

On top of this, international sanctions have restricted Zimbabwe's ability to grow and access resources, both inside and outside the country. Consequently, widespread poverty has led to issues like malnutrition, poor education, and inadequate healthcare.